In cities, seaside towns, and tropical islands around the world, horticultural oases are flourishing. Worlds Largest Collection of Essays Published by Experts Share Your Essays. About the Scholarships. Established in 1986, the BBPA National Scholarship Fund is a national scholarship program and eligible candidates from any part of Canada may. Clockwise from top right Chennai Central, Marina Beach, Madras High Court, TIDEL Park, Ripon Building, San Thome Basilica, Kapaleeshwarar Temple, Classical dance. Chennai Wikipedia. Chennai. Madras. Metropolis. Nicknames Detroit of Asia. Gateway of South India. Indias Health Capital, City of flyover. Location of Chennai in Tamil Nadu. Sciences Po was established in February 1872 as the cole Libre des Sciences Politiques by a group of French intellectuals, politicians and businessmen led by mile. Coordinates 1. 35N8. E 1. 3. 0. 83N 8. E 1. 3. 0. 83 8. Coordinates 1. N8. E 1. 3. 0. 83N 8. E 1. 3. 0. 83 8. Country India. State. A page for describing UsefulNotes World War I. Towards the end of The Edwardian Era, between 19141918, a war broke out between two alliances the French. Richard Spencer is a troll and an icon for white supremacists. He was also my highschool classmate. White supremacist Christopher Cantwell first went viral as the star of a Vice documentary about the Charlottesville neoNazi rally. Then he went viral again as the. International Conference on Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health March 3031, 2018 Orlando, Florida, USA Theme Healthy World by Pharmacist. Best Service Ethno World 5 Professional ' title='Best Service Ethno World 5 Professional ' />Tamil Nadu. District. Chennai, Kanchipuram. TiruvallurAFormer name. Madras. Established. Government  Type. MayorCouncil  Body. Greater Chennai Corporation  Mayor. Saidai Duraisamy2  Corporation Commissioner. D Karthikeyan IAS  Police Commissioner. Karan Sinha3IPSArea456  Metropolis. B/BestServiceEthnoWorld4Professional_02-pcw9VA2_l.HnWdmjn2JPuLvOvR6DCIyP.jpg' alt='Best Service Ethno World 5 Professional ' title='Best Service Ethno World 5 Professional ' />Metro651,1. Elevation. 6 m 2. Population 2. 01. Metropolis. 7,0. 88,0. Rank. 5th  Metro88,6. Extended UA7  Metro rank. DemonymsChennaiite. Languages  Native. Tamil  Official. Tamil, and English. Time zone. IST UTC0. Pincodes6. 00xxx. Area codes9. 1 4. Vehicle registration. TN 0. 1 to TN 1. TN 1. TN 2. 2, TN 8. Metro GDP5. PPP91. 0Website. Chennai Corporation. Chennai   listen formerly known as. Madras  listen or 1. Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is one of the biggest cultural, economic and educational centres in South India. According to the 2. Indian census, it is the fifth largest city and fourth most populous urban agglomeration in India. The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan Area, which is the 3. Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists. It was ranked 4. 3rd most visited city in the world for year 2. The Quality of Living Survey rated Chennai as the safest city in India. Chennai attracts 4. India, and 3. 0 to 4. Hacked Flash Games Zombie Trailer Park more. As such, it is termed Indias health capital. As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country, Chennai confronts substantial pollution and other logistical and socio economic problems. Chennai had the third largest expatriate population in India at 3. Tourism guide publisher Lonely Planet named Chennai as one of the top ten cities in the world to visit in 2. Chennai is ranked as a beta level city in the Global Cities Index 2. India by India Today in the 2. Indian city survey. In 2. 01. 5 Chennai was named the hottest city worth visiting, and worth living in for long term by the BBC, citing the mixture of both modern and traditional values. National Geographic ranked Chennais food as second best in the world it was the only Indian city to feature in the list. Chennai was also named the ninth best cosmopolitan city in the world by Lonely Planet. In October 2. 01. Chennai was added to the UNESCO Creative Cities Network UCCN list for its rich musical tradition. The Chennai Metropolitan Area is one of the largest city economies of India. Chennai is nicknamed The Detroit of India, with more than one third of Indias automobile industry being based in the city. In January 2. 01. GDP. 2. 7 Chennai has been selected as one of the 1. Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modis flagship Smart Cities Mission. Etymology. The name Madras originated even before the British presence was established in India. The origin of the name is unclear one suggestion of several is that it may have originated from a Portuguese phrase me de Deus, which means mother of God, due to Portuguese influence on the port city, specifically referring to a Church of St. Mary. 2. 9 According to some sources, Madras was derived from Madraspattinam, a fishing village north of Fort St George. However, it is uncertain whether the name was in use before the arrival of Europeans. The British military mapmakers believed Madras was originally Mundir raj or Mundiraj. A Vijayanagar era inscription dated to the year 1. Mdarasanpattanam, along with other small ports on the east coast was discovered in 2. Royapuram. 3. 3In 1. Government of Tamil Nadu officially changed the name from Madras to Chennai. At that time many Indian cities underwent a change of name. However, the name Madras continues in occasional use for the city,3. University of Madras, IIT Madras, Madras Institute of Technology, Madras Medical College, Madras Veterinary College, Madras Christian College. History. Clive House at Fort St. George, Madras said to be the first English settlement in India during 1. An 1. 8th century portrait depicting Fort St. George, the first major English settlement in India and the foundation stone of Chennai. Stone age implements have been found near Pallavaram in Chennai. According to the Archaeological Survey of India ASI, Pallavaram was a megalithic cultural establishment, and pre historic communities resided in the settlement. The region around Chennai has served as an important administrative, military, and economic centre for many centuries. During the 1st century CE, a poet and weaver named Thiruvalluvar lived in the town of Mylapore a neighbourhood of present Chennai. From the 1st1. 2th century the region of present Tamil Nadu and parts of South India was ruled by the Cholas. The Pallavas of Kanchi built the areas of Mahabalipuram and Pallavaram during the reign of Mahendravarman I. They also defeated several kingdoms including the Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas who ruled over the area before their arrival. Sculpted caves and paintings have been identified from that period. Ancient coins dating to around 5. BC have also been unearthed from the city and its surrounding areas. A portion of these findings belonged to the Vijayanagara Empire, which ruled the region during the medieval period. The Portuguese first arrived in 1. So Tom after the Christian apostle, St. Thomas, who is believed to have preached in the area between 5. CE. In 1. 61. 2, the Dutch established themselves near Pulicat, north of Chennai. On 2. 0 August 1. Francis Day of the East India Company along with the Nayak of Kalahasti. Damarla Chennappa Nayakudu, the Military administrator under Vijayanagar Emperor travelled to Chandragiri palace to meet the Vijayanagara King Peda Venkata Raya4. Coromandel Coast from in Chandragiri as a place to build a factory and warehouse for their trading activities. The region was then primarily a fishing village known as Madraspatnam. A year later, the English built Fort St. George, the first major English settlement in India,4. Chennai, grew around this Fort. Post independence the fort housed the Tamil Nadu Assembly until the new Secretariat building was opened in 2. Fort St. George, due to a change in the Government. In 1. 74. 6, Fort St. George and Madras were captured by the French under General La Bourdonnais, the Governor of Mauritius, who plundered the town and its outlying villages. The British regained control in 1. Treaty of Aix la Chapelle and strengthened the towns fortress wall to withstand further attacks from the French and Hyder Ali, the Sultan of Mysore. They resisted a French siege attempt in 1. Eyre Coote. 5. 0 In 1. Mysore and the British were defeated by Hyder Ali, after which the Treaty of Madras ended the war. By the 1. 8th century, the British had conquered most of the region around Tamil Nadu and the northern modernday states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, establishing the Madras Presidency with Madras as the capital. Gradually, the city grew into a major naval base and became the central administrative centre for the British in South India. With the advent of railways in India in the 1. Sciences Po Wikipedia. The entrance to Sciences Po on Rue Saint Guillaume. Sciences Po French pronunciation sjs po, or Paris Institute of Political Studies French Institut dtudes politiques de Paris, French pronunciation s. France. Sciences Po has campuses in Dijon, Le Havre, Menton, Nancy, Paris, Poitiers, Reims. The institution is a member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs and the Global Public Policy Network. Sciences Po was founded as a private institution by mile Boutmy in 1. French politicians in the aftermath of the French defeat in the Franco Prussian war of 1. Sciences Po is considered to be a highly influential academic institution in the social sciences in France. Alumni include many notable public figures, including seven of the last eight French presidents, 1. UN, WTO, IMF and ECB, and six of the CAC 4. CEOs. Some observers have criticized the pervasiveness of the schools graduates in French society, claiming that Sciences Po, together with other prominent grandes coles, is perpetuating a technocracy of out of touch leaders. Historyedit1. 87. Libre des Sciences Politiquesedit. Sciences Po Founder, mile Boutmy. Sciences Po was established in February 1. Libre des Sciences Politiques by a group of French intellectuals, politicians and businessmen led by mile Boutmy, and including Hippolyte Taine, Ernest Renan, Albert Sorel and Paul Leroy Beaulieu. Following defeat in the 1. Napoleon III, and the Paris Commune, these men sought to reform the training of French politicians. Politically and economically, people feared Frances international stature was waning due to inadequate teaching of its political and diplomatic corps. ELSP was meant to serve as the breeding ground where nearly all the major, non technical state commissioners were trained. New disciplines such as International Relations, International Law, Political Economy and Comparative Government were introduced. In August 1. 89. 4, the British Association for the Advancement of Science spoke out for the need to advance the study of politics along the lines of ELSP. Sidney and Beatrice Webb used the purpose and curriculum of Sciences Po as part of their inspiration for creating the London School of Economics in 1. ELSP proved very successful at preparing candidates for entry into senior civil service posts, and acquired an image as a major feature of Frances political system. From 1. 90. 1 to 1. Grands Corps de ltat, which comprises the most powerful and prestigious administrative bodies in the French civil service, had studied there this figure includes people who took civil service examination preparatory classes at Sciences Po but did not earn a degree. Libre des Sciences Politiques becomes Sciences PoeditSciences Po underwent significant reforms in the aftermath of Frances liberation from Nazi occupation in 1. The humiliation of Frances surrender to Nazi Germany and moreover the collapse of the Vichy regime provided the impetus for a major restructuring of the states institutions. Charles de Gaulle, as leader of Frances Provisional Government, appointed Michel Debr to overhaul of the recruiting and training of public servants. Though eight of thirteen ministers in De Gaulles government were Sciences Po alumni, the university had also been instrumental in training the class of leaders whom many accused of having given in to Nazi aggression. Communist politicians including Georges Cogniot proposed abolishing the ELSP entirely and founding a new state run administration college on its premises. Debr proposed the compromise that was eventually adopted. First, the government established the Ecole Nationale dAdministration ENA, an elite postgraduate college for training government officials. From then on, the Grands Corps de lEtat were obliged to recruit new entrants exclusively from the ENAs graduates. In 1. Institut dtudes politiques IEP and the Fondation nationale des sciences politiques FNSP. Though legally a public institution, it was to be managed by a private trust, the newly established Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques English National Foundation of Political Science or FNSP, with Roger Seydoux as its first president. Though the appointment of high ranking faculty members now required government approval, the FNSP allowed Sciences Po to retain considerable administrative autonomy. Both entities were tasked by the French government to ensure the progress and the diffusion, both within and outside France, of political science, economics, and sociology. The epithet Sciences Po was applied to both entities, which inherited the reputation previously vested in ELSP. Frances Legislature entrusted FNSP with managing IEP Paris, its library, and budget, and an administrative council assured the development of these activities. The curriculum and methodology of the ELSP were also the template for creating a network of institutes of political studies throughout the country, namely in Strasbourg, Lyon, Aix, Bordeaux, Grenoble, Toulouse, and then in Rennes and Lille. They are not to be confused with the seven campuses of Sciences Po in France. It was now the ENA rather than Sciences Po that fed graduates directly into senior civil service posts. However, Sciences Po became the university of choice for those hoping to enter the ENA, and so retained its dominant place in educating high ranking officials. Between 1. 95. 2 and 1. ENAs graduate student intake were Sciences Po alumni. FNSP further strengthened its role as a scientific publication center with significant donations from the Rockefeller Foundation. FNSP periodicals such as la Revue franaise de science politique, le Bulletin analytique de documentation, la Chronologie politique africaine, and the Cahiers de la Fondation as well as its seven research centres and main publishing house, Presses de Sciences Po, consolidated the universitys reputation as a research hub. The Richard Descoings era 1. Emmanuel Macron attended between 1. Masters in Public Affairs1. Sciences Po underwent various reforms under the directorship of Richard Descoings 1. In these years, Sciences Po introduced a compulsory year abroad component to its undergraduate degree, and began to offer a multilingual curriculum in French, English1. It was during this period that Sciences Po added its regional campuses. Sciences Po also implemented reforms in its admissions process. Previously, Sciences Po recruited its students exclusively on the basis of a competitive examination. This system was seen to favor students from prestigious preparatory high schools or those who could afford year long preparatory courses. In 2. 00. 1, Science Po founded the Equal Opportunity Program governing council widened its admissions policy. This program enables the institution to recruit high potential students at partner high schools in France who, due to a social and financial constraints, would not otherwise have applied to Sciences Po1. This process has been accused of being superficial and being in fact a lotto for poor people1. From 2. 00. 1 to 2. Sciences Po went from 6 percent to 2. Descoings was accused of reigning as almighty master on his school, by distributing material advantages and small envelopes, and setting up a clientelist and authoritarian carrot system1.